Landscape Plants Rated by Deer Resistance

The following is a list of landscape plants rated according to their resistance to deer damage. The list was compiled with input from nursery and landscape professionals, Rutgers New Jersey Agricultural Experiment Station (NJAES) Cooperative Extension personnel, and Rutgers Master Gardeners in northern New Jersey.

Realizing that no plant is deer proof, plants in the Rarely Damaged, and Seldom Severely Damaged categories would be best for landscapes prone to deer damage. Plants Occasionally Severely Damaged and Frequently Severely Damaged are often preferred by deer and should only be planted with additional protection such as the use of fencing, repellents, etc. Success of any of these plants in the landscape will depend on local deer populations and weather conditions.

KEY:

A = Rarely Damaged
B = Seldom Severely Damaged
C = Occasionally Severely Damaged
D = Frequently Severely Damaged

All Ratings - All Types
Common Name	Latin Name	Type	Rating
Ageratum View photo of Ageratum	Ageratum houstonianum	Annuals	A
Allegheny Spurge View photo of Allegheny Spurge	Pachysandra procumbens	Groundcovers	A
American Holly	Ilex opaca	Trees	A
Angel's Trumpet	Brugmansia sp. (Datura)	Annuals	A
Anise	Pimpinalla anisum	Annuals	A
Anise Hyssop View photo of Anise Hyssop	Agastache sp.	Perennials	A
Annual Vinca View photo of Annual Vinca	Catharanthus rosea	Annuals	A
Arrowwood Viburnum	Viburnum dentatum	Shrubs	A
Autumn Crocus View photo of Autumn Crocus	Colchicum sp.	Bulbs	A
Barberry View photo of Barberry	Berberis sp.	Shrubs	A
Barrenwort View photo of Barrenwort	Epimedium sp.	Groundcovers	A
Basket of Gold	Aurinia saxatilis	Perennials	A
Bayberry	Myrica pensylvanica	Shrubs	A
Bearberry	Arctostaphylos uva-ursi	Groundcovers	A
Big Bluestem View photo of Big Bluestem	Andropogon sp.	Ornamental Grasses	A
Bigleaf Goldenray View photo of Bigleaf Goldenray	Ligularia dentata	Perennials	A
Bishop's Weed View photo of Bishop's Weed	Aegopodium podagaria	Groundcovers	A
Bleeding Heart View photo of Bleeding Heart	Dicentra spectabilis	Perennials	A
Blue Fescue View photo of Blue Fescue	Festuca glauca	Ornamental Grasses	A
Blue Mist Shrub View photo of Blue Mist Shrub	Caryopteris clandonensis	Shrubs	A
Blue Oat Grass	Helictotrichon sempervirens	Ornamental Grasses	A
Bluebell	Endymion sp.	Bulbs	A
Bottlebrush Buckeye View photo of Bottlebrush Buckeye	Aesculus parviflora	Trees	A
Broom	Cytisus sp.	Shrubs	A
Bugleweed View photo of Bugleweed	Ajuga reptans	Groundcovers	A
Bush Cinquefoil	Potentilla fruticosa	Shrubs	A
Butter & Eggs	Linaria vulgaris	Perennials	A
Buttercup	Ranunculus sp.	Perennials	A
Butterfly Bush View photo of Butterfly Bush	Buddleia sp.	Shrubs	A
Cactus	Cactaceae sp.	Perennials	A
Catmint View photo of Catmint	Nepeta sp.	Perennials	A
Christmas Fern View photo of Christmas Fern	Polystichum arcostichoides	Ferns	A
Cinnamon Fern	Osmunda cinnamomea	Ferns	A
Clump Bamboo	Fargesia sp.	Ornamental Grasses	A
Common Boxwood View photo of Common Boxwood	Buxus sempervirens	Shrubs	A
Common Foxglove View photo of Common Foxglove	Digitalis purpurea	Biennials	A
Common Tansy	Tanacetum vulgare	Perennials	A
Corydalis View photo of Corydalis	Corydalis sp.	Perennials	A
Crown Imperial, Fritilia	Fritilaria imperialis	Bulbs	A
Daffodil View photo of Daffodil	Narcissus sp.	Bulbs	A
Dame's Rocket	Hesperis matronalis	Perennials	A
Daphne View photo of Daphne	Daphne sp.	Shrubs	A
Devil's Walking Stick	Aralia spinosa	Shrubs	A
Drooping Leucothoe View photo of Drooping Leucothoe	Leucothoe fontanesiana	Shrubs	A
Dusty Miller	Centaurea cineraria	Annuals	A
Dwarf Alberta Spruce View photo of Dwarf Alberta Spruce	Picea glauca 'Conica'	Trees	A
European Ginger View photo of European Ginger	Asarum europaeum	Perennials	A
False Camomile	Matricaria sp.	Annuals	A
False Indigo View photo of False Indigo	Baptisia australis	Perennials	A
Feather Reed Grass View photo of Feather Reed Grass	Calamagrostis sp.	Ornamental Grasses	A
Flowering Tobacco	Nicotiana sp.	Annuals	A
Forget-Me-Not	Myosotis sp.	Perennials	A
Forget-Me-Not View photo of Forget-Me-Not	Myosotis sylvatica	Annuals	A
Fountain Grass View photo of Fountain Grass	Pennisetum alopecuroides	Ornamental Grasses	A
Fragrant Sumac View photo of Fragrant Sumac	Rhus aromatica	Shrubs	A
Fringed Bleeding Heart	Dicentra eximia	Perennials	A
Garden Sage View photo of Garden Sage	Salvia officinalis	Perennials	A
Germander View photo of Germander	Teucrium chamaedrys	Perennials	A
Giant Japanese Silver Grass	Miscanthus floridulis	Ornamental Grasses	A
Giant Reed View photo of Giant Reed	Arundo donax	Ornamental Grasses	A
Golden Bamboo	Phyllostachys aurea	Ornamental Grasses	A
Greek Jerusalem Sage	Phlomis sp.	Perennials	A
Hakonechloa View photo of Hakonechloa	Hakonechloa macra	Ornamental Grasses	A
Hard Rush	Juncus effusus	Ornamental Grasses	A
Hayscented Fern View photo of Hayscented Fern	Dennstaedtia punctilobula	Ferns	A
Heath	Erica sp.	Shrubs	A
Heather	Calliuna sp.	Shrubs	A
Heliotrope	Heliotropium arborescens	Annuals	A
Holly Fern	Cyrtomium falcatum	Ferns	A
Horehound	Marrubium vulgare	Perennials	A
Horseradish	Armoracia rusticana	Perennials	A
Hyssop	Hyssopus officinalis	Perennials	A
Indian Grass	Sorghastrum nutans	Ornamental Grasses	A
Iris View photo of Iris (2)	Iris sp.	Perennials	A
Jack-in-the-pulpit	Arisaema triphylum	Perennials	A
Japanese Black Pine	Pinus thunbergiana	Trees	A
Japanese Blood Grass View photo of Japanese Blood Grass	Imperata cylindrica	Ornamental Grasses	A
Japanese Painted Fern View photo of Japanese Painted Fern	Athyrium goeringianum (nipponicum)	Ferns	A
Japanese Pieris, Andromeda View photo of Japanese Pieris, Andromeda	Pieris japonica	Shrubs	A
Japanese Plum Yew View photo of Japanese Plum Yew	Cephalotaxus harringtonia	Shrubs	A
Japanese Sedge View photo of Japanese Sedge	Carex sp.	Ornamental Grasses	A
Japanese Silver Grass View photo of Japanese Silver Grass	Miscanthus sinensis	Ornamental Grasses	A
Japanese Skimmia	Skimmia japonica	Shrubs	A
Japanese Sweet Flag	Acorus sp.	Ornamental Grasses	A
John T. Morris Holly	Ilex x 'John T. Morris'	Shrubs	A
Katsura Tree	Cercidiphyllum japonicum	Trees	A
Lamb's Ear View photo of Lamb's Ear	Stachys byzantina	Perennials	A
Large Blue June Grass	Koeleria glauca	Ornamental Grasses	A
Larkspur	Consolida ambigua	Annuals	A
Lavendar	Lavandula sp.	Perennials	A
Lavender-Cotton	Santolina chamaecyparissus	Perennials	A
Leatherleaf Mahonia View photo of Leatherleaf Mahonia	Mahonia bealei	Shrubs	A
Lemon Balm	Melissa officinalis	Perennials	A
Lenten or Christmas Rose View photo of Lenten or Christmas Rose	Helleborus sp.	Perennials	A
Lily of the Valley View photo of Lily of the Valley	Convallaria majalis	Groundcovers	A
Little Bluestem	Schizachyrium scoparium	Ornamental Grasses	A
Lungwort View photo of Lungwort	Pulmonaria sp.	Perennials	A
Lydia Morris Holly	Ilex x 'Lydia Morris'	Shrubs	A
Lyme Grass View photo of Lyme Grass	Leymus arenarius glaucous	Ornamental Grasses	A
Marjoram	Majorana	Perennials	A
May Apple	Podophyllum	Perennials	A
Meadow Rue	Thalictrum sp.	Perennials	A
Mimosa View photo of Mimosa	Albizia julibrissin	Trees	A
Mint	Mentha sp.	Perennials	A
Monkshood	Aconitum sp.	Perennials	A
Moonglow Juniper	Juniperus scopulorum 'Moonglow'	Shrubs	A
Mountain Pieris	Pieris floribunda	Shrubs	A
New York Fern View photo of New York Fern	Thelyptens noveboracensis	Ferns	A
Northern Sea Oats View photo of Northern Sea Oats	Chasmanthium latifolium	Ornamental Grasses	A
Oregano View photo of Oregano	Origanum sp.	Perennials	A
Oregon Grape Holly View photo of Oregon Grape Holly	Mahonia aquifolium	Shrubs	A
Oriental Fountain Grass View photo of Oriental Fountain Grass	Pennisetum orientale	Ornamental Grasses	A
Ornamental Onion View photo of Ornamental Onion	Allium sp.	Perennials	A
Ornamental Onion View photo of Ornamental Onion	Allium sp.	Bulbs	A
Ostrich Fern	Matteuccia struthiopteris	Ferns	A
Pachysandra View photo of Pachysandra	Pachysandra terminalis	Groundcovers	A
Pampus Grass	Cortaderia selloana	Ornamental Grasses	A
Paper Birch	Betula papyrifera	Trees	A
Pawpaw View photo of Pawpaw	Asimina triloba	Trees	A
Peony View photo of Peony (2)	Paeonia sp.	Perennials	A
Pitch Pine	Pinus rigida	Trees	A
Poppy View photo of Poppy	Papaver sp.	Annuals	A
Pot Marigold View photo of Pot Marigold	Calendula sp.	Annuals	A
Potentilla, Cinquefoil	Potentilla sp.	Perennials	A
Prince of Wales Juniper	Juniperus horizontalis 'Prince of Wales'	Shrubs	A
Purple Moor Grass	Molinia caerulea	Ornamental Grasses	A
Purple Rock-Cress	Aubretia deltoidea	Perennials	A
Ravenna Grass View photo of Ravenna Grass	Erianthus ravennae	Ornamental Grasses	A
Red Elderberry	Sambucus racemosa	Shrubs	A
Red Pine	Pinus resinosa	Trees	A
River Birch	Betula nigra	Trees	A
Rock-Cress	Arabis caucasica	Perennials	A
Rocket Ligularia View photo of Rocket Ligularia	Ligularia 'The Rocket'	Perennials	A
Rodgers Flower	Rodgersia sp.	Perennials	A
Rose Campion	Lychnis coronaria	Perennials	A
Rosemary	Rosmarinus officinalis	Annuals	A
Royal Fern	Osmunda regalis	Ferns	A
Rue	Ruta sp.	Perennials	A
Russian Cypress View photo of Russian Cypress	Microbiota decussata	Shrubs	A
Russian Olive	Elaeagnus angustifolia	Shrubs	A
Russian Sage View photo of Russian Sage	Perovskio atriplicifolia	Perennials	A
Sensitive Fern	Onoclea sensibilis	Ferns	A
Siberian Bugloss View photo of Siberian Bugloss	Bruneria macrophylla (Brunnera)	Perennials	A
Siberian Squill	Scilla siberica	Bulbs	A
Silver Mound View photo of Silver Mound	Artemisia sp.	Perennials	A
Small Globe Thistle	Echinops ritro	Perennials	A
Snapdragon	Antirrhinum majus	Annuals	A
Snowdrops	Galanthus nivalis	Bulbs	A
Snow-on-the-Mountain	Euphorbia marginata	Annuals	A
Spider Flower View photo of Spider Flower	Cleome sp.	Annuals	A
Spotted Deadnettle View photo of Spotted Deadnettle	Lamium sp.	Groundcovers	A
Spurge View photo of Spurge	Euphorbia sp. (except 'Chameleon')	Perennials	A
Statice View photo of Statice	Limonium latifolium	Perennials	A
Strawflower	Helichrysum	Annuals	A
Sweet Alyssum	Lobularia maritima	Annuals	A
Sweet Box View photo of Sweet Box	Sarcoccoca hookeriana	Shrubs	A
Sweet Woodruff View photo of Sweet Woodruff	Galium odoratum (Asperula odorata)	Groundcovers	A
Switch Grass	Panicum virgatum	Ornamental Grasses	A
Tarragon	Artemisia dracunculus	Perennials	A
Threadleaf Coreopsis View photo of Threadleaf Coreopsis	Coreopsis verticillata	Perennials	A
Thyme View photo of Thyme	Thymus sp.	Perennials	A
Variegated Purple Moor Grass	Molinia caerulea 'Variegata'	Ornamental Grasses	A
Varigated Oat Grass	Arrhenatherum elatius	Ornamental Grasses	A
Weeping Love Grass	Eragrostus curvula	Ornamental Grasses	A
Wild Ginger View photo of Wild Ginger	Asarum canadense	Perennials	A
Winter Aconite	Eranthus hyemalis	Bulbs	A
Wood Fern	Dryopteris marginalis	Ferns	A
Yucca View photo of Yucca	Yucca filimentosa	Perennials	A
African Lily	Agapanthus sp.	Perennials	B
Allegheny Serviceberry View photo of Allegheny Serviceberry	Amelanchier laevis	Trees	B
American Bittersweet	Celastrus scandens	Vines	B
Anthony Waterer Spirea	Spiraea x bumalda	Shrubs	B
Armstrong Juniper	Juniperus chinensis 'Armstrongii'	Shrubs	B
Asparagus	Asparagus officinalis	Perennials	B
Aster	Aster sp.	Perennials	B
Astilbe View photo of Astilbe	Astilbe sp.	Perennials	B
Austrian Pine	Pinus nigra	Trees	B
Autumn Olive	Elaeagnus umbellatus	Shrubs	B
Baby's Breath	Gypsophila sp.	Perennials	B
Bachelor's Buttons	Centaurea cyanus	Annuals	B
Bamboo	Bambusa sp.	Ornamental Grasses	B
Basil	Ocimum basilicum	Annuals	B
Bearberry Cotoneaster	Cotoneaster dammeri	Shrubs	B
Beautyberry View photo of Beautyberry	Callicarpa sp.	Shrubs	B
Beautybush	Kolkwitzia amabilis	Shrubs	B
Beebalm View photo of Beebalm	Monarda didyma	Perennials	B
Black-Eyed Susan View photo of Black-Eyed Susan	Rudbeckia sp.	Perennials	B
Blackhaw Viburnum	Viburnum prunifolium	Shrubs	B
Blazing Star View photo of Blazing Star	Liatris sp.	Perennials	B
Blue Star Juniper	Juniperus squamata 'Blue Star'	Shrubs	B
Blueberry Elder, Sweet Elder	Sambucus canadensis	Shrubs	B
Bog Rosemary	Andromeda polifolia	Shrubs	B
Borage View photo of Borage	Borage officinalis	Annuals	B
Bottlebrush Grass	Hystrix patula	Ornamental Grasses	B
Brambles	Rubus sp.	Shrubs	B
Bridalwreath Spirea	Spiraea prunifolia	Shrubs	B
Buckthorn	Rhammus sp.	Shrubs	B
Bugloss	Anchusa sp.	Perennials	B
Butterfly Weed	Asclepias tuberosa	Perennials	B
California Poppy View photo of California Poppy	Eschscholzia californica	Annuals	B
California Sweetshrub	Calycanthus occidentalis	Shrubs	B
Calla Lily	Zantedeschia sp.	Bulbs	B
Camassia	Camassia leichtlini	Bulbs	B
Candytuft	Iberis sempervirens	Perennials	B
Candytuft	Iberis umbellata	Annuals	B
Canna Lily View photo of Canna Lily	Canna sp.	Bulbs	B
Cardinal Flower View photo of Cardinal Flower	Lobelia sp.	Perennials	B
Carnation, Pinks	Dianthus sp.	Perennials	B
Carolina Silverbell	Halesia carolina	Shrubs	B
Cherry Laurel	Prunus laurocerasus	Shrubs	B
Chinese Fringe Tree	Chionanthus retusus	Trees	B
Chinese Holly	Ilex cornuta	Shrubs	B
Chinese Juniper (1)	Juniperus chinensis cv.	Shrubs	B
Chinese Paper Birch	Betula albo-sinensis	Trees	B
Coast Leucothoe	Leucothoe axillaris	Shrubs	B
Cock's Comb	Celosia sp.	Annuals	B
Colorado Blue Spruce	Picea pungens	Trees	B
Columbine View photo of Columbine	Aquilegia sp.	Perennials	B
Common Flowering Quince	Chaenomeles speciosa	Trees	B
Common Lilac	Syringa vulgaris	Shrubs	B
Common Sassafras	Sassafras albidurn	Trees	B
Common Sweetshrub	Calycanthus floridus	Shrubs	B
Common Witchhazel	Hamamelis virginiana	Shrubs	B
Common Yarrow View photo of Common Yarrow	Achillea millefolium	Perennials	B
Coralbells View photo of Coralbells	Heuchera sp.	Perennials	B
Coralberry	Symphoricarpos x chenaultii	Shrubs	B
Corkscrew Willow	Salix matsudana tortuosa	Trees	B
Cranberry Bush View photo of Cranberry Bush	Viburnum opulus	Shrubs	B
Cranberry Cotoneaster	Cotoneaster apiculatus	Shrubs	B
Crape Myrtle View photo of Crape Myrtle	Lagerstroemia indica	Shrubs	B
Creeping Juniper (1)	Juniperus horizontalis cv.	Shrubs	B
Creeping Wintergreen	Gaultheria procumbens	Groundcovers	B
Crocosmia View photo of Crocosmia	Croscosmia sp.	Perennials	B
Crocus	Crocus sp.	Bulbs	B
Currant	Ribes sp.	Shrubs	B
Cyclamen	Cyclamen sp.	Perennials	B
Dawn Redwood	Metasequoia glyptostroboides	Trees	B
Delphinium	Delphinium sp.	Perennials	B
Deutzia View photo of Deutzia	Deutzia sp.	Shrubs	B
Dill	Anethumus graveolens	Annuals	B
Doublefile Viburnum View photo of Doublefile Viburnum	Viburnum plicatum tomentosurn	Shrubs	B
Douglas Fir	Pseudotsuga menziesii	Trees	B
Downy Serviceberry	Amelanchier arborea	Trees	B
Dragon Lady, San Jose Holly	Ilex x aquipernyi	Trees	B
Drooping Sedge	Carex pendula	Ornamental Grasses	B
Dwarf Balsam Fir	Abies balsamea	Shrubs	B
Dwarf Mondo Grass	Ophiopogon japonicus	Ornamental Grasses	B
Eastern Red Cedar View photo of Eastern Red Cedar	Juniperus virginiana	Trees	B
Eastern White Pine	Pinus strobus	Trees	B
Elephant Ear View photo of Elephant Ear	Colocasia esculenta	Bulbs	B
English Hawthorn	Crataegus laevigata	Trees	B
English Holly View photo of English Holly	Ilex aquifolium	Shrubs	B
European Ash	Fraxinus excelsior	Trees	B
European Beech	Fagus sylvatica	Trees	B
European White Birch	Betula pendula	Trees	B
Feverfew View photo of Feverfew	Chrysanthemum parthenium	Perennials	B
Firethorn	Pyracantha coccinea	Shrubs	B
Foam Flower View photo of Foam Flower	Tiarella cordifolia	Perennials	B
Forget-Me-Not	Myosotis alpestris	Biennials	B
Forsythia View photo of Forsythia	Forsythia x intermedia	Shrubs	B
Fothergillia	Fothergila sp.	Shrubs	B
French Marigold View photo of French Marigold	Tagetes patula	Annuals	B
Gas Plant View photo of Gas Plant	Dictamus alba	Perennials	B
Gladiolus	Gladiolus sp.	Bulbs	B
Glory Lily	Gloriosa superba	Bulbs	B
Glossy Abelia	Abelia sp.	Shrubs	B
Goldenrain Tree View photo of Goldenrain Tree	Koelreuteria paniculata	Trees	B
Goldenrod View photo of Goldenrod	Solidago sp.	Perennials	B
Goldust Plant View photo of Goldust Plant	Aucuba japonica	Shrubs	B
Grape Hyacinth	Muscari sp.	Bulbs	B
Green Ash	Fraximus pennsylvanica	Trees	B
Hardy Geranium	Geranium macrorrhizum	Perennials	B
Harlequin Glorybower	Clerodendrum fargesii	Shrubs	B
Hazelnut	Corylus sp.	Shrubs	B
Heartleaf Bergenia View photo of Heartleaf Bergenia	Bergenia sp.	Perennials	B
Hens and Chickens View photo of Hens and Chickens	Sempervivum sp.	Perennials	B
Himalayan Birch	Betula jacquemontii	Trees	B
Holly Osmanthus	Osmanthus heterophyllus	Shrubs	B
Honey Locust View photo of Honey Locust	Gleditsia triacanthos	Trees	B
Hyacinth	Hyacinthus sp.	Bulbs	B
Inkberry	Ilex glabra	Shrubs	B
Jacob's Ladder	Polemonium caeruleum	Perennials	B
Japanese Anemone	Anemone x hybrida	Perennials	B
Japanese Cedar	Cryptomeria japonica	Trees	B
Japanese Falsecypress View photo of Japanese Falsecypress	Chamaecyparis pisifera	Trees	B
Japanese Flowering Cherry	Prunus serrulata	Trees	B
Japanese Flowering Quince	Chaenomeles japonica	Shrubs	B
Japanese Garden Juniper	Juniperus procumbens 'Nana'	Shrubs	B
Japanese Kerria	Kerria japonica	Shrubs	B
Japanese Maple View photo of Japanese Maple	Acer palmatum	Trees	B
Japanese Red Pine	Pinus densiflora	Trees	B
Japanese Spirea View photo of Japanese Spirea	Spiraea japonica	Shrubs	B
Japanese Tree Lilac	Syringa reticulata	Shrubs	B
Judd Viburnum	Viburnum x juddii	Shrubs	B
Koreanspice Viburnum	Viburnum carlesii	Shrubs	B
Kousa Dogwood View photo of Kousa Dogwood	Cornus kousa	Trees	B
Ladys' Mantle View photo of Ladys' Mantle	Alchemilla sp.	Perennials	B
Lance Coreopsis View photo of Lance Coreopsis	Coreopsis lanceolata	Perennials	B
Lantana View photo of Lantana	Lantana sp.	Annuals	B
Large Periwinkle	Vinca major	Groundcovers	B
Leatherleaf Viburnum	Viburnum rhytidophyllum	Shrubs	B
Lilyturf	Liriope sp.	Groundcovers	B
Lobelia	Lobelia sp.	Annuals	B
Lupine	Lupinus sp.	Perennials	B
Maltese Cross View photo of Maltese Cross	Lychnis chalcedonica	Perennials	B
Meadow Sage	Salvia nemorosa	Perennials	B
Mist Flower	Eupatorium coelestinurn	Perennials	B
Money Plant View photo of Money Plant	Lunaria annua	Biennials	B
Mountain Juniper (1)	Juniperus scopulorum cv.	Shrubs	B
Mugo Pine View photo of Mugo Pine	Pinus mugo	Shrubs	B
Mullein	Verbascum sp.	Perennials	B
Nasturtium	Tropaeolum majus	Annuals	B
Norway Spruce	Picea abies	Trees	B
Obedient Plant	Physostegia sp.	Perennials	B
Oriental Poppy	Papaver orientale	Perennials	B
Paperbark Maple View photo of Paperbark Maple	Acer griseurn	Trees	B
Parsley	Petroselinum crispum	Annuals	B
Patrinia	Patrinia scabiosifolia	Perennials	B
Periwinkle	Vinca minor	Groundcovers	B
Pfitzer Juniper	Juniperus chinensis 'Pfitzerana'	Shrubs	B
Pincushin Flower	Scabiosa caucasica	Perennials	B
Plumbago View photo of Plumbago	Ceratostigma plumbaginoides	Groundcovers	B
Plume Poppy	Macleaya cordata	Perennials	B
Primrose	Primula sp.	Perennials	B
Privet	Ligustrurn sp.	Shrubs	B
Purple Coneflower View photo of Purple Coneflower	Echinacea purpurea	Perennials	B
Pyrenees Cotoneaster	Cotoneaster congestus	Shrubs	B
Red Chokeberry	Aronia arbutifolia	Shrubs	B
Red Maple	Acer rubrum	Trees	B
Red Osier Dogwood	Cornus sericea	Shrubs	B
Red Twigged Dogwood	Cornus alba	Shrubs	B
Red-Hot Poker View photo of Red-Hot Poker	Kniphofia tritoma	Perennials	B
Redvein Enkianthus View photo of Redvein Enkianthus	Enkianthus campanulatus	Shrubs	B
Rhubarb	Rheum rhabarbarum	Perennials	B
Ribbon Grass	Phalaris arundinaceae	Ornamental Grasses	B
Rockspray Cotoneaster	Cotoneaster horizontalis	Shrubs	B
Rose of Sharon View photo of Rose of Sharon	Hibiscus syriacus	Shrubs	B
Ruby Horsechestnut View photo of Ruby Horsechestnut	Aesculus x carnea	Trees	B
Rue Anemone	Anemonella thalictroides	Perennials	B
Salvia	Salvia	Annuals	B
Saucer Magnolia	Magnolia x soulangiana	Shrubs	B
Savin/Tam Juniper	Juniperus sabin cv.	Shrubs	B
Savory	Satureja montana	Perennials	B
Scotch Pine	Pinus sylvestris	Trees	B
Sea Buckthorn	Hippophae rhamnoides	Shrubs	B
Sea Thrift	Armeria maritima	Perennials	B
Sedge	Scirpus lacustris	Ornamental Grasses	B
Serbian Spruce	Picea omorika	Trees	B
Shadbush	Amelanchier canadensis	Trees	B
Shiso	Perilla frutescens	Annuals	B
Singleseed Juniper (1)	Juniperus squamata cv.	Shrubs	B
Skunk Cabbage	Symplocarpos foetidus	Perennials	B
Smokebush View photo of Smokebush	Cotinus coggygria	Shrubs	B
Snakeroot, Bugbane View photo of Snakeroot, Bugbane	Cimcifuga sp.	Perennials	B
Sneezeweed	Helenium autumnale	Perennials	B
Snowberry	Symphoricarpos albus	Shrubs	B
Snow-in-Summer View photo of Snow-in-Summer	Cerastium	Perennials	B
Soapwort View photo of Soapwort	Saponaria sp.	Perennials	B
Sourwood	Oxydendrum arboreum	Trees	B
Speedwell View photo of Speedwell	Veronica sp.	Perennials	B
Spicebush	Lindera benzoin	Shrubs	B
Spiderwort	Tradescantia sp.	Perennials	B
St. John's Wort View photo of St. John's Wort	Hypericum calycinum	Perennials	B
St. John's Wort View photo of St. John's Wort	Hypericum prolificum	Shrubs	B
Stocks	Matthiola sp.	Annuals	B
Stokes' Aster	Stokesia laevis	Perennials	B
Striped Maple	Acer pensylvanicum	Trees	B
Sugar Maple	Acer saccharum	Trees	B
Swamp Milkweed View photo of Swamp Milkweed	Asclepias incarnata	Perennials	B
Sweet Mock Orange View photo of Sweet Mock Orange	Philadelphus coronarius	Shrubs	B
Sweet Pepperbush View photo of Sweet Pepperbush	Clethra sp.	Shrubs	B
Sweet William	Dianthus barbatus	Biennials	B
Toad Lily View photo of Toad Lily	Tricyrtis hirta	Perennials	B
Trillium	Trillium sp.	Perennials	B
Trout Lily	Erythronium	Perennials	B
Tulip Tree	Liriodendron tulipifera	Trees	B
Verbena	Verbena x hybrida	Annuals	B
Violets	Viola sp.	Perennials	B
Virginia Bluebells	Mertensia virginica	Perennials	B
Virginia Sweetspire	Itea virginica	Shrubs	B
Wallflower	Cheiranthus sp.	Annuals	B
Weigela	Weigela florida	Shrubs	B
White Boltonia	Boltonia asteroides	Perennials	B
White Snakeroot	Eupatorium rugosum	Perennials	B
White Spruce	Picea glauca	Trees	B
Willowleaf Cotoneaster	Cotoneaster salicifolius	Shrubs	B
Winter Jasmine	Jasminum nudiflorum	Vines	B
Winterberry Holly View photo of Winterberry Holly	Ilex verticillata	Shrubs	B
Wisteria	Wisteria floribunda	Vines	B
Wood Sorrel	Oxalis sp.	Bulbs	B
Yarrow	Achillea filipendulina	Perennials	B
Yellow Birch	Betula lutea	Trees	B
Yellow Foxglove View photo of Yellow Foxglove	Digitalis grandiflora	Perennials	B
Yellow Wax-Bells	Kirengeshoma palmata	Perennials	B
Youngstown Andorra Juniper	Juniperus horizontalis 'Youngstown'	Shrubs	B
Zinnia View photo of Zinnia	Zinnia sp.	Annuals	B
Alternate-Leaved Dogwood	Cornus alternifolia	Trees	C
Apples	Malus sp.	Trees	C
Atlantic White Cedar	Chamaecyparis thyoides	Trees	C
Atlas Cedar	Cedrus atlantica	Trees	C
Bald Cypress	Taxodium distichum	Trees	C
Balloon Flower	Platycodon grandiflorus	Perennials	C
Balsam Fir	Abies balsamea	Trees	C
Balsam, Touch-Me-Not	Impatiens balsamina	Annuals	C
Basswood	Tilia americana	Trees	C
Bellflower	Campanula glomerata	Perennials	C
Bigleaf Hydrangea	Hydrangea macrophylla	Shrubs	C
Black Locust	Robinia pseudoacia	Trees	C
Blanket Flower View photo of Blanket Flower	Gaillardia sp.	Perennials	C
Bloodtwig Dogwood	Cornus sanguinea	Shrubs	C
Blue Holly	Ilex x meserveae	Shrubs	C
Caladium	Caladium sp.	Bulbs	C
Callery Pear	Pyrus calleryana	Trees	C
Canterbury Bells	Campanula medium	Biennials	C
Carolina Hemlock	Tsuga caroliniana	Trees	C
Carolina Rhododendron	Rhododendron carolinianum	Shrubs	C
Catawba Rhododendron	Rhododendron catawbiense	Shrubs	C
Checkermallow	Sidalcia malviflora	Perennials	C
Chestnut Oak	Quercus prinus	Trees	C
Chinese Lilac View photo of Chinese Lilac	Syringa x chinesis	Shrubs	C
Clematis	Clematis sp.	Vines	C
Climbing Hydrangea View photo of Climbing Hydrangea	Hydrangea anomala petiolaris	Vines	C
Coleus View photo of Coleus	Coleus sp.	Annuals	C
Comfrey	Symphytum officinale	Perennials	C
Common Horsechestnut	Aesculus hippocastanum	Trees	C
Common Pear	Pyrus communis	Trees	C
Cornelian Cherry	Cornus mas	Trees	C
Cosmos	Cosmos sp.	Annuals	C
Dahlia	Dahlia sp.	Annuals	C
Daylily	Hemerocallis sp.	Perennials	C
Deciduous Azaleas (1)	Rhododendron sp.	Shrubs	C
Eastern Hemlock	Tsuga canadensis	Trees	C
Eastern Redbud View photo of Eastern Redbud	Cercis canadensis	Trees	C
English Daisy	Bellis perennis	Perennials	C
English Ivy View photo of English Ivy	Hedera helix	Groundcovers	C
English Ivy View photo of English Ivy	Hedera helix	Vines	C
European Larch	Larix decidua	Trees	C
Fall Mums	Chrysanthemum	Perennials	C
Fleabane	Erigeron sp.	Perennials	C
Flowering Dogwood View photo of Flowering Dogwood	Cornus florida	Trees	C
Fragrant Winterhazel	Corylopsis glabrescens	Shrubs	C
Fraser Fir	Abies fraseri	Trees	C
Garden Lily	Lilium sp.	Bulbs	C
Garden Petunia View photo of Garden Petunia	Petunia sp.	Annuals	C
Geranium View photo of Geranium	Pelargonium sp.	Annuals	C
Gerbera Daisy	Gerbera jamesonii	Annuals	C
Geum, Avens	Geum sp.	Perennials	C
Globeflower	Trollius sp.	Perennials	C
Goat's Beard	Aruncus sp.	Perennials	C
Goldflame Honeysuckle View photo of Goldflame Honeysuckle	Lonicera x heckrottii	Vines	C
Gooseneck Loosestrife	Lysimachia clethroides	Perennials	C
Greenspire Littleleaf Linden	Tilia cordata 'Greenspire'	Trees	C
Hardy Begonia View photo of Hardy Begonia	Begonia grandis	Perennials	C
Hardy Geranium	Geranium clarkei	Perennials	C
Hardy Geranium	Geranium sanguineum	Perennials	C
Hardy Geranium	Geranium x cantabrigiense	Perennials	C
Heavenly Bamboo View photo of Heavenly Bamboo	Nandina sp.	Shrubs	C
Highbush Blueberry	Vaccinum corymbosum	Shrubs	C
Hinoki Cypress	Chamaecyparis obtusa	Trees	C
Hollyhock	Alcea sp.	Perennials	C
Hybrid Tea Rose	Rosa x hybrid	Shrubs	C
Impatiens View photo of Impatiens	Impatiens walleriana	Annuals	C
Japanese Euonymus	Euonymus japonica	Shrubs	C
Japanese Holly View photo of Japanese Holly	Ilex crenata	Shrubs	C
Late Lilac	Syringa villosa	Shrubs	C
Leyland Cypress	Cupressocyparis leyandii	Trees	C
Meadowsweet	Filipendula sp.	Perennials	C
Morning Glory	Ipomea sp.	Annuals	C
Mountain Bluet	Centaurea montana	Perennials	C
Mountain Laurel View photo of Mountain Laurel	Kalmia latifolia	Shrubs	C
Multiflora Rose	Rosa multiflora	Shrubs	C
Nellie Stevens Holly	Ilex x 'Nellie R. Stevens'	Trees	C
Northern Red Oak	Quercus rubra	Trees	C
Norway Maple	Acer platanoides	Trees	C
Oakleaf Hydrangea View photo of Oakleaf Hydrangea	Hydrangea quercifolia	Shrubs	C
Panicle Hydrangea	Hydrangea paniculata	Shrubs	C
Panicled Dogwood	Cornus racemosa	Shrubs	C
Pansy	Viola sp.	Annuals	C
Penstemon View photo of Penstemon	Penstemon sp.	Perennials	C
Pernyi Holly	Ilex pernyi	Trees	C
Persian Lilac	Syringa x persica	Shrubs	C
Phlox View photo of Phlox	Phlox sp.	Perennials	C
Pink Turtlehead	Chelone sp.	Perennials	C
Purple Leaf Sand Cherry	Prunus x cistena	Shrubs	C
Purple Loosestrife	Lythrum sp.	Perennials	C
Rose Mallow	Hibiscus moscheutos	Perennials	C
Rosebay Rhododendron	Rhododendron maximum	Shrubs	C
Rugosa Rose	Rosa rugosa	Shrubs	C
Shasta Daisy	Chrysanthemum superbum	Perennials	C
Shasta Daisy	Leucanthemum maximum	Perennials	C
Shore Juniper	Juniperus conferta	Shrubs	C
Showy Sedum	Sedum spectabile	Perennials	C
Silver Maple	Acer saccharinum	Trees	C
Smooth Hydrangea View photo of Smooth Hydrangea	Hydrangea arborescens	Shrubs	C
Solomon's Seal View photo of Solomon's Seal	Polygonatum sp.	Perennials	C
Spurge	Euphorbia dulcis 'Chameleon'	Perennials	C
Staghorn Sumac View photo of Staghorn Sumac	Rhus typhina	Trees	C
Sundrops	Oenethera sp.	Perennials	C
Sunflower	Helianthus sp.	Annuals	C
Sweet Cherry	Prunus avium	Trees	C
Sweetgum	Liquidambar styraciflua	Trees	C
Trumpet Creeper View photo of Trumpet Creeper	Campsis radicans	Vines	C
Virginia Creeper	Parthenocissus quinquifolia	Vines	C
Wax Begonia	Begonia semperflorens	Annuals	C
Western Arborvitae	Thuja plicata	Trees	C
White Fir	Abies concolor	Trees	C
White Fringe Tree	Chionanthus virginicus	Trees	C
White Oak	Quercus alba	Trees	C
Willows (1)	Salix sp.	Trees	C
Winged Euonymus	Euonymus alata	Shrubs	C
Wintercreeper	Euonymus fortunei	Groundcovers	C
American Arborvitae	Thuja occidentalis	Trees	D
Candy Lily	Pardancanda x norrisii	Perennials	D
Cherries (1)	Prunus sp.	Trees	D
European Mountain Ash	Sorbus aucuparia	Trees	D
Evergreen Azaleas (1)	Rhododendron sp.	Shrubs	D
Hardy Geranium	Geranium endressii	Perennials	D
Hosta View photo of Hosta	Hosta sp.	Perennials	D
Pinxterbloom Azalea	Rhododendron penclymenoides	Shrubs	D
Plums	Prunus sp.	Trees	D
Rhododendrons (1)	Rhododendron sp.	Shrubs	D
Sea-Holly View photo of Sea-Holly	Eryngium sp.	Perennials	D
Strawberry	Fragraria sp.	Perennials	D
Tulip	Tulip sp.	Bulbs	D
Wintercreeper	Euonymus fortunei	Shrubs	D
Wintercreeper	Euonymus fortunei	Vines	D
Yews	Taxus sp.	Shrubs	D

Footnotes

1 Check other rating categories to find additional species or cultivars of this genus.

2 May eat buds.

Credits

Content: Pete Nitzsche, Pedro Perdomo, and David Drake
Photos: Pete Nitzsche
Database Design: Kathy Robinson and Phil Wisneski
Website Design: Phil Wisneski

Special thanks to our cooperators on this project: Helen Heinrich, Certified Landscape Architect; James Messina, Certified Landscape Architect, Landscape Plus; Valerie Sudal, Garden Writer, The Newark Star-Ledger; and numerous landscapers, Master Gardeners, and nurserymen who provided ratings.